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Mainstreaming Nature-based Solutions for a Sustainable Bengaluru

Jagdish Krishnaswamy, Sheetal Patil, Narmada Khare, Soubadra Devy M, Chethana V Casiker, Nivedita Arumugasamy, Sunil G M, Pavan K Naik, Tamizhazhagan S, Prem Jose V | 2025 

Abstract

This policy brief advocates for the mainstreaming of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) as an integrated approach to address Bengaluru’s interconnected challenges of rapid urbanisation, ecological degradation, and climate vulnerability. Grounded in collaborative research in the city, it highlights the potential of NbS to simultaneously enhance urban resilience, restore ecosystems, and improve the quality of life for citizens. The brief identifies key pathways for embedding NbS within urban planning, governance, and finance mechanisms—through multi-scalar coordination, participatory design, and institutional strengthening. It emphasises the need for localised implementation supported by enabling policy environments that align with state and national frameworks such as the Karnataka State Action Plan on Climate Change and India’s LiFE Mission. Demonstrating evidence from pilot interventions across Bengaluru, it illustrates how NbS can provide co-benefits for water security, biodiversity conservation, and climate adaptation when integrated into city systems and community practices. The recommendations urge policymakers, practitioners, and civil society actors to adopt NbS not as stand-alone projects but as a transformative paradigm for sustainable and inclusive urban development. Through mainstreaming NbS, Bengaluru can initiate pathways that balance ecological integrity with equitable growth, shaping a resilient urban future.