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Sliding Plantations in Anappara

, Kalaiarasi Kandhan Sagunthala   | 1 June 2025 

The Anappara village, located on the foothills of the Western Ghats, has experienced both long-term and extreme events and their multiple impacts in the last two or more decades. The uncertain rainfall events—unseasonal and extreme—have deteriorating effects on the plantation crops that contribute to a significant share of the village’s local economy. Plantation crops such as Coconut, rubber, tea, areca nut, coffee, oil palm, areca nut, cashew, and cocoa are susceptible to the variability in rainfall and humidity. Unseasonal rainfall, delayed monsoons, dry spells during the rainy season, and heavy rainfall of short duration alter the production cycle of coconut and areca nuts. The rainfall variability experienced by Anappara has decreased crop productivity for rubber, coconut, and areca nuts. The reduction in rubber productivity is attributed to the decrease in tapping days due to heavy and extreme rainfall events. This chapter presents ethnographic insights from the village on the diverse experiences and responses of plantation cultivators to the impacts of climate change. It specifically discusses how climate change alters labour relations, intensifies the process of urbanisation, and contributes to reverse migration from the hills to the plains.