{"id":17969,"date":"2022-02-24T15:14:23","date_gmt":"2022-02-24T09:44:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/?p=17969"},"modified":"2022-05-23T18:14:08","modified_gmt":"2022-05-23T12:44:08","slug":"ensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/ensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls\/","title":{"rendered":"Ensuring  Occupational Safety of De-sludging Operators\/Sanitation Workers Using Hierarchy of Controls"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='full_slider_1'  class='avia-fullwidth-slider main_color avia-shadow   avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_layout_row  avia-builder-el-first   container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div  class='avia-slideshow av-5bk1udt-8fad5678f23b1c1fd666125d595687eb avia-slideshow-featured av_slideshow_full avia-fade-slider av-slideshow-ui av-control-hidden av-no-slider-navigation av-hide-nav-arrows av-slideshow-manual av-loop-once av-loop-manual-endless av-default-height-applied   avia-slideshow-1' data-slideshow-options=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fade&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;loop_autoplay&quot;:&quot;once&quot;,&quot;interval&quot;:5,&quot;loop_manual&quot;:&quot;manual-endless&quot;,&quot;autoplay_stopper&quot;:false,&quot;noNavigation&quot;:true,&quot;bg_slider&quot;:false,&quot;keep_padding&quot;:false,&quot;hoverpause&quot;:false,&quot;show_slide_delay&quot;:0}\"  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><ul class='avia-slideshow-inner ' style='padding-bottom: 23.333333333333%;'><li  class='avia-slideshow-slide av-5bk1udt-8fad5678f23b1c1fd666125d595687eb__0  av-single-slide slide-1 slide-odd'><div data-rel='slideshow-1' class='avia-slide-wrap '   ><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class=\"wp-image-9141 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-9141\"  src=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-content\/uploads\/layerslider\/Bet365-Cityscapes-copy\/temple-1500x350.jpg\" width=\"1500\" height=\"350\" title='temple' alt=''  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-content\/uploads\/layerslider\/Bet365-Cityscapes-copy\/temple.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-content\/uploads\/layerslider\/Bet365-Cityscapes-copy\/temple-300x70.jpg 300w, https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-content\/uploads\/layerslider\/Bet365-Cityscapes-copy\/temple-1030x240.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-content\/uploads\/layerslider\/Bet365-Cityscapes-copy\/temple-705x165.jpg 705w, https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-content\/uploads\/layerslider\/Bet365-Cityscapes-copy\/temple-450x105.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n<div id='av-layout-grid-1'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-fg7j75-033fa1b0b72d4b1a865f17a444295415 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_slideshow_full  avia-builder-el-last  grid-row-not-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4074yhd-f38c43142336a01193b1c6b2caab42fd\">\n.flex_cell.av-4074yhd-f38c43142336a01193b1c6b2caab42fd{\nvertical-align:top;\nbackground-color:#dfdfdf;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-4074yhd-f38c43142336a01193b1c6b2caab42fd{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-4074yhd-f38c43142336a01193b1c6b2caab42fd av-gridrow-cell av_one_fifth no_margin  avia-builder-el-2  el_before_av_cell_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><div  class='avia-builder-widget-area clearfix  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><div id=\"nav_menu-3\" class=\"widget clearfix widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-knowledge-gateway-container\"><ul id=\"menu-knowledge-gateway\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-18382\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-18382\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\">PUBLICATIONS<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-18383\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-18383\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/?page_id=9472\">PAPERS AND ARTICLES<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-18384\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18384\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/books-and-monographs\/\">BOOKS, BOOK CHAPTERS AND MONOGRAPHS<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-18385\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18385\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/conference-proceedings\/\">CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-18386\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18386\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/reports\/\">REPORTS<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-18389\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18389\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/policy-papers\/\">POLICY PAPERS<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-18388\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18388\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/cases\/\">CASES<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-18387\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18387\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/policy-briefs\/\">POLICY BRIEFS<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-19935\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19935\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/glossaries\/\">GLOSSARIES<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-18390\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18390\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/opinion-and-editorial\/\">OPINION AND EDITORIAL<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-18391\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18391\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/maps-and-data\/\">MAPS AND DATA<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-atmg4x-b9aabc3e680608d1250482fbb0ca134e\">\n.flex_cell.av-atmg4x-b9aabc3e680608d1250482fbb0ca134e{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-atmg4x-b9aabc3e680608d1250482fbb0ca134e{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-atmg4x-b9aabc3e680608d1250482fbb0ca134e av-gridrow-cell av_three_fifth no_margin  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_cell_one_fifth  el_before_av_cell_one_fifth '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-qvo7dd-529786f6595f542c56c88a1456174d34\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-qvo7dd-529786f6595f542c56c88a1456174d34{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-qvo7dd-529786f6595f542c56c88a1456174d34 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-qvo7dd-529786f6595f542c56c88a1456174d34 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-qvo7dd-529786f6595f542c56c88a1456174d34 av-special-heading-h3  avia-builder-el-5  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Ensuring Occupational Safety of De-sludging Operators\/Sanitation Workers Using Hierarchy of Controls<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-l00sqcdv-5781903755feda976ef2d6c319be8898 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><span style=\"font-size: 13px; text-transform: none; color: #8a0000;\"><em>Mamta Gautam, <a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/iihs-people\/team\/kavita-wankhade\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kavita Wankhade<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/iihs-people\/team\/Srinithi-Sudhakar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Srinithi Sudhakar <\/a><\/em>| 2021<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-l00srlme-fb60b0f41d452e2eb29fefb8cfb996a0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Background<\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\">Faecal Sludge Management (FSM) as an economical and sustainable complement to network basedsystems has been gaining traction in recent years in Tamil Nadu. In this growing space of work, the occupational safety of desludging workers transporting sludge to the treatment systems is a component which requires greater attention. In spite of the introduction of mechanical systems for desludging there is a critical human element involved in this process and workers are still prone to physical injuries, skin infections, exposure to harmful gases, skin burns and other medical emergencies. An earlier study identified a broad set of measures for occupational safety1. This paper presents the next step of this study, where the feasibility of these measures has been identified and published2to understand the desludging process, corresponding safety concerns and explore possible course of action for addressing safety concerns.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-l00ss92k-5d195f24cb521d82b698e2114dfdd16c-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_hr '><a href='https:\/\/repository.lboro.ac.uk\/articles\/conference_contribution\/Ensuring_occupational_safety_of_desludging_operators_through_a_hierarchy_of_controls\/16974103\/1?file=31398409' class='avia-button av-l00ss92k-5d195f24cb521d82b698e2114dfdd16c avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-medium avia-position-left avia-color-theme-color' target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue82d' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Access Paper<\/span><\/a><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2cdhnxt-a4288417a1f929c9f4d0b2dfdd4907c4\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-2cdhnxt-a4288417a1f929c9f4d0b2dfdd4907c4{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-2cdhnxt-a4288417a1f929c9f4d0b2dfdd4907c4 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_button  el_before_av_social_share '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='av-social-sharing-box av-1x4hv0x-47b932e4a61d622520f5d2988ab7a8df av-social-sharing-box-minimal  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_hr  avia-builder-el-last  av-social-sharing-box-fullwidth'><div class=\"av-share-box\"><h5 class='av-share-link-description av-no-toc '>Share this entry<\/h5><ul class=\"av-share-box-list noLightbox\"><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-facebook' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Facebook\" href='https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/ensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls\/&#038;t=Ensuring%20%20Occupational%20Safety%20of%20De-sludging%20Operators%2FSanitation%20Workers%20Using%20Hierarchy%20of%20Controls' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue8f3' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Facebook' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-twitter' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Twitter\" href='https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=Ensuring%20%20Occupational%20Safety%20of%20De-sludging%20Operators%2FSanitation%20Workers%20Using%20Hierarchy%20of%20Controls&#038;url=https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/?p=17969' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue932' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Twitter' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Twitter<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-whatsapp' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on WhatsApp\" href='https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send?text=https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/ensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls\/' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\uf232' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on WhatsApp' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on WhatsApp<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-pinterest' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Pinterest\" href='https:\/\/pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiihs.co.in%2Fknowledge-gateway%2Fensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls%2F&#038;description=Ensuring%20%20Occupational%20Safety%20of%20De-sludging%20Operators%2FSanitation%20Workers%20Using%20Hierarchy%20of%20Controls&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fiihs.co.in%2Fknowledge-gateway%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F01%2Fiihs_logo_R_1-1.png' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue8f8' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Pinterest' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Pinterest<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-linkedin' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn\" href='https:\/\/linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&#038;title=Ensuring%20%20Occupational%20Safety%20of%20De-sludging%20Operators%2FSanitation%20Workers%20Using%20Hierarchy%20of%20Controls&#038;url=https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/ensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls\/' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue8fc' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on LinkedIn' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on LinkedIn<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-tumblr' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Tumblr\" href='https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/share\/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiihs.co.in%2Fknowledge-gateway%2Fensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls%2F&#038;name=Ensuring%20%20Occupational%20Safety%20of%20De-sludging%20Operators%2FSanitation%20Workers%20Using%20Hierarchy%20of%20Controls&#038;description=%3Cem%3EMamta%20Gautam%2C%20Kavita%20Wankhade%2C%20Niladri%20Chakraborti%2C%20Srinithi%20Sudhakar%3C%2Fem%3E%3Cbr%2F%3E%3Chr%2F%3E' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue8fa' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Tumblr' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Tumblr<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-vk' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Vk\" href='https:\/\/vk.com\/share.php?url=https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/ensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls\/' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue926' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Vk' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Vk<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-reddit' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Reddit\" href='https:\/\/reddit.com\/submit?url=https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/ensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls\/&#038;title=Ensuring%20%20Occupational%20Safety%20of%20De-sludging%20Operators%2FSanitation%20Workers%20Using%20Hierarchy%20of%20Controls' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue927' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Reddit' rel=\"noopener\"><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Reddit<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-mail' ><a  aria-label=\"Share by Mail\" href='mailto:?subject=Ensuring%20%20Occupational%20Safety%20of%20De-sludging%20Operators%2FSanitation%20Workers%20Using%20Hierarchy%20of%20Controls&#038;body=https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/ensuring-occupational-safety-of-de-sludging-operators-sanitation-workers-using-hierarchy-of-controls\/' aria-hidden='false' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share by Mail'><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share by Mail<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1jtks0h-d0456cdcd7aa7d3d30f105ef901a2f03\">\n.flex_cell.av-1jtks0h-d0456cdcd7aa7d3d30f105ef901a2f03{\nvertical-align:top;\nbackground-color:#cfcfcf;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-1jtks0h-d0456cdcd7aa7d3d30f105ef901a2f03{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-1jtks0h-d0456cdcd7aa7d3d30f105ef901a2f03 av-gridrow-cell av_one_fifth no_margin  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_cell_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last '  ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><p><div  class='avia-builder-widget-area clearfix  avia-builder-el-12  el_before_av_sidebar  avia-builder-el-first '><div id=\"search-2\" class=\"widget clearfix widget_search\"><h3 class=\"widgettitle\">Search<\/h3>\n\n<form action=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/\" id=\"searchform\" method=\"get\" class=\"\">\n\t<div>\n\t\t<input type=\"submit\" value=\"\ue803\" id=\"searchsubmit\" class=\"button avia-font-entypo-fontello\" \/>\n\t\t<input type=\"text\" id=\"s\" name=\"s\" value=\"\" placeholder='Search' \/>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-builder-widget-area clearfix  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_sidebar  avia-builder-el-last '><div id=\"tag_cloud-3\" class=\"widget clearfix widget_tag_cloud\"><h3 class=\"widgettitle\">Tags<\/h3><div class=\"tagcloud\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/1-5c\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-125 tag-link-position-1\" style=\"font-size: 9.5652173913043pt;\" aria-label=\"1.5\u00b0C (2 items)\">1.5\u00b0C<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/accuracy-assessment\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-185 tag-link-position-2\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"accuracy assessment (1 item)\">accuracy assessment<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/adaptation\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-123 tag-link-position-3\" style=\"font-size: 11.478260869565pt;\" aria-label=\"Adaptation (4 items)\">Adaptation<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/bangalore\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-186 tag-link-position-4\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"Bangalore (1 item)\">Bangalore<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/climate-change\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-68 tag-link-position-5\" style=\"font-size: 14.434782608696pt;\" aria-label=\"Climate Change (10 items)\">Climate Change<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/conference-reports\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-187 tag-link-position-6\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"Conference Reports (1 item)\">Conference Reports<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/cultural-flows\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-200 tag-link-position-7\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"Cultural Flows (1 item)\">Cultural Flows<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/culture\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-107 tag-link-position-8\" style=\"font-size: 14.434782608696pt;\" aria-label=\"Culture (10 items)\">Culture<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/data-and-metrics\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-103 tag-link-position-9\" style=\"font-size: 18.347826086957pt;\" aria-label=\"Data and Metrics (30 items)\">Data and Metrics<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/design\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-145 tag-link-position-10\" style=\"font-size: 11.478260869565pt;\" aria-label=\"Design (4 items)\">Design<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/economic-development\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-99 tag-link-position-11\" style=\"font-size: 18.95652173913pt;\" aria-label=\"Economic Development (35 items)\">Economic Development<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/ecosystem\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-152 tag-link-position-12\" style=\"font-size: 15.826086956522pt;\" aria-label=\"Ecosystem (15 items)\">Ecosystem<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/energy\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-160 tag-link-position-13\" style=\"font-size: 11.478260869565pt;\" aria-label=\"Energy (4 items)\">Energy<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/environment-and-climate\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-104 tag-link-position-14\" style=\"font-size: 22pt;\" aria-label=\"Environment and Climate (80 items)\">Environment and Climate<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/equity\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-94 tag-link-position-15\" style=\"font-size: 9.5652173913043pt;\" aria-label=\"Equity (2 items)\">Equity<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/gender\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-110 tag-link-position-16\" style=\"font-size: 11.478260869565pt;\" aria-label=\"Gender (4 items)\">Gender<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/ghs-pop\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-183 tag-link-position-17\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"GHS-POP (1 item)\">GHS-POP<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/governance\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-102 tag-link-position-18\" style=\"font-size: 18pt;\" aria-label=\"Governance (27 items)\">Governance<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/gynecology-and-obstetrics\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-188 tag-link-position-19\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"Gynecology And Obstetrics (1 item)\">Gynecology And Obstetrics<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/health\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-151 tag-link-position-20\" style=\"font-size: 9.5652173913043pt;\" aria-label=\"Health (2 items)\">Health<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/higher-education\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-195 tag-link-position-21\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"higher education (1 item)\">higher education<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/housing\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-13 tag-link-position-22\" style=\"font-size: 18pt;\" aria-label=\"Housing (27 items)\">Housing<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/human-development\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-100 tag-link-position-23\" style=\"font-size: 15.652173913043pt;\" aria-label=\"Human Development (14 items)\">Human Development<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/india\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-182 tag-link-position-24\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"India (1 item)\">India<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/industrial-policy\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-80 tag-link-position-25\" style=\"font-size: 9.5652173913043pt;\" aria-label=\"Industrial Policy (2 items)\">Industrial Policy<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/institutional-structures\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-197 tag-link-position-26\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"institutional structures (1 item)\">institutional structures<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/instructional-design\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-150 tag-link-position-27\" style=\"font-size: 9.5652173913043pt;\" aria-label=\"Instructional Design (2 items)\">Instructional Design<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/ipcc\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-126 tag-link-position-28\" style=\"font-size: 9.5652173913043pt;\" aria-label=\"IPCC (2 items)\">IPCC<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/knowledge\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-143 tag-link-position-29\" style=\"font-size: 10.608695652174pt;\" aria-label=\"Knowledge (3 items)\">Knowledge<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/land\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-108 tag-link-position-30\" style=\"font-size: 19.565217391304pt;\" aria-label=\"Land (42 items)\">Land<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/non-economic-loss\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-194 tag-link-position-31\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"Non-Economic Loss &quot; (1 item)\">Non-Economic Loss &quot;<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/pedagogy\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-196 tag-link-position-32\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"pedagogy (1 item)\">pedagogy<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/planning\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-106 tag-link-position-33\" style=\"font-size: 17.565217391304pt;\" aria-label=\"Planning (24 items)\">Planning<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/policies\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-146 tag-link-position-34\" style=\"font-size: 10.608695652174pt;\" aria-label=\"Policies (3 items)\">Policies<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/population-mapping\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-184 tag-link-position-35\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"population mapping (1 item)\">population mapping<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/poverty-and-inequality\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-101 tag-link-position-36\" style=\"font-size: 17.391304347826pt;\" aria-label=\"Poverty and Inequality (23 items)\">Poverty and Inequality<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/research-communication\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-199 tag-link-position-37\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"Bet365 लाइव क्रिकेट स्ट्रीमिंग Communication (1 item)\">Bet365 लाइव क्रिकेट स्ट्रीमिंग Communication<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/risk\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-97 tag-link-position-38\" style=\"font-size: 16.521739130435pt;\" aria-label=\"Risk (18 items)\">Risk<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/scholarly-publishing\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-130 tag-link-position-39\" style=\"font-size: 9.5652173913043pt;\" aria-label=\"Scholarly Publishing (2 items)\">Scholarly Publishing<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/science-gaps\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-193 tag-link-position-40\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"Science Gaps (1 item)\">Science Gaps<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/sustainability\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-93 tag-link-position-41\" style=\"font-size: 12.782608695652pt;\" aria-label=\"Sustainability (6 items)\">Sustainability<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/transport\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-95 tag-link-position-42\" style=\"font-size: 12.173913043478pt;\" aria-label=\"Transport (5 items)\">Transport<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/urban-equality\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-198 tag-link-position-43\" style=\"font-size: 8pt;\" aria-label=\"urban equality (1 item)\">urban equality<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/urbanisation\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-88 tag-link-position-44\" style=\"font-size: 12.782608695652pt;\" aria-label=\"Urbanisation (6 items)\">Urbanisation<\/a>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/tag\/water-and-sanitation\/\" class=\"tag-cloud-link tag-link-96 tag-link-position-45\" style=\"font-size: 17.826086956522pt;\" aria-label=\"Water and Sanitation (26 items)\">Water and Sanitation<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><em>Mamta Gautam, Kavita Wankhade, Niladri Chakraborti, Srinithi Sudhakar<\/em><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":11835,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-paper"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17969","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17969"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17969\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17969"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}